Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes was a renowned Spanish romantic painter and printmaker, considered the most significant Spanish artist of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Born in Fuendetodos, Aragon, in 1746, Goya studied painting from an early age and later became a court painter to the Spanish Crown. His works, including paintings, drawings, and engravings, reflected contemporary historical upheavals and influenced important 19th- and 20th-century painters. Goya's early career was marked by portraits of the Spanish aristocracy and royalty, while his later works became progressively darker and more pessimistic, possibly influenced by a severe and undiagnosed illness in 1793 that left him deaf. His paintings, prints, and drawings reflected a bleak outlook on personal, social, and political levels, contrasting with his earlier work. Goya's late period culminated with the Black Paintings of 1819–1823, created in near isolation at his house in Quinta del Sordo. In 1824, he retired to Bordeaux, France, where he eventually passed away in 1828. Goya's legacy continues to inspire and influence artists to this day with his innovative and evocative works.

Francisco Macías Nguema, also known as Macías Nguema, was the first president of Equatorial Guinea after its independence in 1968. He ruled with extreme brutality, earning a reputation as one of the most ruthless dictators in history. His erratic behavior and extreme cult of personality led many to believe he was mentally unstable. Macías Nguema, a member of the Fang people, established a one-party state and declared himself president for life. His presidency was marked by Africanization attempts and harsh persecution of non-Fang ethnic groups. In foreign policy, he aligned with the Eastern Bloc and turned against Spain. His dictatorship's severe human rights abuses and economic mismanagement led to tens of thousands fleeing the country, earning Equatorial Guinea the nickname "Dachau of Africa." In 1979, he was overthrown in a coup d'état by his nephew and subsequently executed. His regime is estimated to have caused the deaths of thousands and significant brain drain. Macías Nguema's early life was marred by hardship, including the loss of his parents and battles with tuberculosis, which left him with a deep fear of death. Reports suggest he may have suffered from mental illness, exacerbated by drug abuse. Despite facing early setbacks, he rose to power through his political career and ultimately became a notorious figure in history.

Francisco and Jacinta Marto were two young siblings from Aljustrel, Portugal, who, along with their cousin Lúcia dos Santos, reportedly experienced several apparitions of the Angel of Peace in 1916 and the Blessed Virgin Mary at Cova da Iria in 1917. Their encounters led to the title Our Lady of Fátima and the establishment of the Sanctuary of Fátima as a major center of Roman Catholic pilgrimage. Canonized by Pope Francis in 2017, they are the youngest Catholic saints, with Jacinta being the youngest non-martyr saint. Despite their young age and illiteracy, Francisco and Jacinta displayed remarkable qualities, with Francisco being musically inclined and introverted, while Jacinta possessed a sweet singing voice and a talent for dancing. The siblings' experiences deeply impacted them, leading them to practice stringent self-mortifications and advocate for the conversion of sinners through prayer and sacrifice. They succumbed to the 1918 influenza epidemic, with Jacinta foreseeing her imminent death and expressing a desire for the veneration of the Immaculate Heart of Mary for peace. Their burial site is at the Basilica of Our Lady of the Rosary of Fátima. The siblings' canonization process began in 1946, and they were declared saints in 2017.

Francisco de Miranda, born on 28 March 1750 in Caracas, Venezuela, was an influential military leader and revolutionary figure in South America's struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire. His early life was marked by a privileged upbringing, despite his father's immigrant background from the Canary Islands, which led to discrimination from some rivals. Miranda received a comprehensive education, studying at the Royal and Pontifical University of Caracas and earning his baccalaureate degree in the Humanities in 1767.His family's ethnic lineage became a point of contention in Caracas society, with his father facing opposition and having to demonstrate the purity of the family's bloodline. This struggle for social acceptance and recognition would later shape Miranda's perspective on societal issues and influence his revolutionary pursuits.Miranda's revolutionary activities spanned continents, as he participated in the American Revolutionary War, the French Revolution, and the Spanish American wars of independence. Despite launching unsuccessful expeditions and experiencing periods of disillusionment, his efforts and contributions to the cause of independence in South America have solidified his legacy as a key figure in the region's history.In 1812, after the collapse of the First Republic of Venezuela, Miranda was arrested and taken to a prison in Cádiz, where he passed away in 1816. Although his capitulation during the war was seen as treasonous by some revolutionary leaders, his role as a precursor to South America's liberation from colonial rule remains significant.

Francisco Perea (January 9, 1830 – May 21, 1913) was an American businessman and politician who played a significant role in the history of New Mexico. Born in Los Padillas, New Mexico, Perea was the grandson of Governor Francisco Xavier Chávez, and he had a strong family heritage in the area dating back to colonial times. He received his education in New Mexico, St. Louis, and New York City, and engaged in stock raising and commercial pursuits during the 1850s. Perea was also involved in politics, serving as a delegate for the Territory of New Mexico to the 38th United States Congress and in the Territorial legislature. During the American Civil War, he served as a Union Army lieutenant colonel, organizing a battalion and defending New Mexico against Confederate forces. Perea's contributions to the Union cause were vital, and he played a key role in the defense of the New Mexico Territory. After the war, he continued his political career and also served as the US postmaster of Jemez Springs. Francisco Perea's legacy is one of dedication to his community and service to his country, making him a significant figure in the history of New Mexico.