The Illinois Fighting Illini men's basketball team is a prominent NCAA Division I college basketball team in the Big Ten Conference, representing the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. The team has a rich history, boasting one pre-tournament national championship in 1915, and a non-NCAA tournament national championship in 1943. With 35 appearances in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, including 5 Final Fours and 10 Elite Eights, the Illini have solidified their position as a force to be reckoned with. They have clinched 18 Big Ten regular season championships and 4 Big Ten Tournament Championships. The team's current coach, Brad Underwood, has been instrumental in their success since taking over in 2017. The program's history is marked by influential coaches such as Ralph Jones and Douglas R. Mills, who led the team to significant achievements. Harry Combes, another prominent figure, guided the Illini to three NCAA Final Four appearances in the late 1940s and early 1950s. With a legacy that includes notable accomplishments and a strong coaching lineage, the Illinois Fighting Illini men's basketball team continues to leave a lasting impact on the college basketball landscape.

The Illinois House of Representatives, established in 1818 by the first Illinois Constitution, serves as the lower house of the Illinois General Assembly. Comprising 118 representatives elected from individual legislative districts for two-year terms, the House wields the power to pass bills and impeach Illinois officeholders. Notably, President Abraham Lincoln commenced his political career in the Illinois House of Representatives, representing the Whig party from 1834 to 1842. The Illinois General Assembly witnessed the evolution of political parties, with Democrats and Whigs initially, and later the emergence of Republicans in the 1850s. Following the Cutback Amendment of 1980, representatives have been elected from 118 single-member districts, marking a significant transition from the previous multi-member district system. Over the years, the Illinois House of Representatives has seen notable firsts, including the election of the first African-American legislators, the first woman representative, and the first Hispanic American state representative. With a rich history and a pivotal role in the state's governance, the Illinois House of Representatives continues to play a crucial part in shaping Illinois' legislative landscape.

The Illinois Senate, established in 1818, is the upper chamber of the Illinois General Assembly, representing the government of the State of Illinois. Comprised of 59 senators, each representing approximately 213,347 people, the Senate plays a crucial role in passing bills into law, confirming appointments, and overseeing the state budget. The Senate holds the power to propose and act on constitutional amendments and can override gubernatorial vetoes with a three-fifths majority vote. Notable figures who have served in the Illinois Senate include Barack Obama, who later became the first African-American President of the United States. The Senate is led by prominent figures such as President of the Senate Don Harmon and Minority Leader John Curran. With its first official working day on the second Wednesday of January each year, the Illinois Senate convenes at the Illinois State Capitol in Springfield. The Senate's voting process allows members to vote yes, no, or present, with 30 affirmative votes required to pass legislation during final action. The Illinois Senate is a key institution in the state's legislative process, shaping policies and representing the diverse population of Illinois.

The Comptroller of Illinois is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Illinois. The incumbent, Susana Mendoza, is a Democrat elected for a renewable four-year term during the quadrennial mid-term election. The Comptroller is responsible for maintaining the state's central fiscal accounts, ordering payments into and out of the funds held by the Treasurer, and overseeing the financial operations of the state government. Their duties include prescribing uniform accounting standards, ordering deposits into the state treasury, auditing vouchers certified by state agencies, administering state employee payroll, and providing monthly debt transparency reports to the General Assembly. Additionally, the Comptroller supervises local government finances throughout Illinois and regulates cemeteries under the Cemetery Care Act. The Comptroller is fourth in the line of succession to the office of Governor of Illinois and is a member of the board of trustees of the State Employees' Retirement System. Recent history saw a change in the role due to the unexpected death of Judy Baar Topinka, a moderate Republican who was succeeded by Jerry Stermer, Leslie Munger, and ultimately, Susana Mendoza. There have been proposals to merge the offices of Comptroller and Treasurer to achieve administrative savings.