Duchess Magdalene of Jülich-Cleves-Berg (2 November 1553 – 30 August 1633) was a prominent figure in the history of northwest Germany during the 16th and 17th centuries. Born as the fifth child of Duke William "the Rich" of Jülich-Cleves-Berg and Maria of Austria, she grew up in a politically charged environment, influenced by the religious tensions of the time. Despite her father's efforts to sway her away from the Lutheran faith, Magdalene remained steadfast in her beliefs.In 1579, she married Count Palatine John I the Lame of Zweibrücken, and together they played a pivotal role in the inheritance dispute of the Duchy of Jülich-Cleves-Berg. Following her husband's passing in 1604, their eldest son, John II, continued the family's claim, while Magdalene's daughter, Elisabeth, married into the influential House of Pfalz-Veldenz.Magdalene's life was marked by political turmoil and international conflicts, culminating in the War of the Jülich succession. Her involvement in these complex power struggles showcased her resilience and determination in protecting her family's interests.Upon her death in 1633, Magdalene was laid to rest in the Reformed Church of Meisenheim, leaving behind a legacy of unwavering strength and strategic diplomacy.

Magdalene Sophie Buchholm (1758-1825) was a prominent 18th-century Norwegian poet, widely recognized as the sole acknowledged female Norwegian writer of her era. Born in Skien, Telemark, she was the daughter of mayor Mogens Bentsen and Sophie Hellesdatter. Following her father's passing, she resided at Buskerud Manor with her cousin Johanne Henrikke Ancher. In 1777, she married vicar Peter Leganger Castberg, who passed away in 1784, and later wed merchant and custom inspector Joachim Frederik Buchholm in 1785. Buchholm was an influential figure in Stavanger and Kragerø's social circles, and her extensive travels to Copenhagen shaped her literary experiences. Notably, in 1778, she made history by becoming the first female member of the prestigious academic society Det Norske Selskab and was honored with an award for her poetry in 1783. Her exceptional body of work earned her the title "Sappho of the North," and she published a comprehensive collection of her writings in 1793. Magdalene Sophie Buchholm's legacy as a trailblazing poet and literary pioneer continues to inspire generations.

Magdalene Stirling (1765 – 1846) was a Scottish composer renowned for her work, Twelve Tunes Composed by Miss Stirling of Ardoch, privately printed in 1796. Born in Ardoch, Perthshire, as the youngest of five daughters to Christian Erskine and Sir William Stirling, the 4th Baronet of Ardoch, Stirling's musical talent flourished under the influence of Niel and Nathaniel Gow, who published some of her compositions. Although Gow occasionally published Stirling’s works without attribution, her fiddle and instrumental tunes, such as Earl of Elgen’s Strathspey and Perthshire Volunteers, gained recognition. Stirling's contribution to Scottish music remains a testament to her talent and creativity, securing her a place in the annals of music history.This summary introduces Magdalene Stirling, highlighting her significant work and the impact she made on Scottish music. It maintains a neutral and informative tone, adheres to the original content, and falls within the specified word count range.