Margaretha Geertruida MacLeod, famously known as Mata Hari, was a Dutch exotic dancer and courtesan whose life and career have left an indelible mark on history. Born on August 7, 1876, in Leeuwarden, Netherlands, she was known for her seductive performances and was convicted of being a spy for Germany during World War I, leading to her execution by firing squad in France. Mata Hari's captivating story has been the inspiration for numerous books, films, and artistic works.Her early life was marked by financial struggles, a broken family, and personal tragedy. After marrying Dutch colonial army captain Rudolf MacLeod, they moved to the Dutch East Indies, where she endured a tumultuous marriage and the loss of her children. Following their separation, she moved to Paris in 1903 and began her career as an exotic dancer and artist's model, eventually gaining prominence for her performances.Mata Hari's life was shrouded in mystery and controversy, with her reputation as a femme fatale and alleged espionage activities captivating the public imagination. Despite the conflicting accounts of her life and the circumstances surrounding her conviction, Mata Hari's legacy endures as a symbol of intrigue and glamour.

Mātā Sundarī, also known as Mata Sundari, was the wife of Guru Gobind Singh, a prominent figure in Sikh history. She played a significant role during tumultuous times, particularly during the Battle of Sarsa in 1704. Following the battle, Mata Sundari and Mata Sahib Kaur disguised themselves as ordinary village women and sought refuge, eventually finding protection in Delhi. She adopted a boy and named him after her late son, Baba Ajit Singh. However, tragedy struck when the adopted son took his own life after a confrontation with a beggar, leading to a series of events that ultimately led Mata Sundari to flee to Mathura with the assistance of the Raja of Jaipur.Mata Sundari was also involved in a conflict with Banda Singh Bahadur, a prominent Sikh leader. This conflict led to the division of the Sikh community into two factions: the Tat Khalsa, aligned with Mata Sundari, and the Bandais, who supported Banda Singh Bahadur. The dispute between the two factions revolved around various issues, including Banda's actions and the authenticity of his excommunication by Mata Sundari.While Mata Sundari's interventions had far-reaching consequences for the Sikh community, the authenticity of the excommunication and its impact on Banda Singh Bahadur's legacy have been the subject of historical debate and scrutiny. Despite the controversies surrounding her actions, Mata Sundari's role in shaping the course of

Mata Gujri (Gurmukhi: ਮਾਤਾ ਗੁਜਰੀ; mātā gujarī; 1624–1705) was a significant figure in Sikhism, known for being the wife of Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Guru of Sikhism, and the mother of Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Guru of Sikhism. Born to Lal Chand and Mata Bishan Devi in Kartarpur, Mata Gujri was betrothed to Guru Tegh Bahadur in 1629 and married him in 1633. She played an integral role in the management of Chakk Nanaki after Guru Tegh Bahadur's martyrdom. During the Mughal siege of Anandpur, Mata Gujri and her two younger grandchildren, Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh, were separated from the main group and eventually arrested. Mata Gujri tragically passed away in the cold tower at the fort of Sirhind, and it is said that Seth Todar Mal cremated them the next day. Her legacy lives on, with the Government of Haryana naming a road after her in her father's ancestral village of Lakhnaur Sahib. Mata Gujri's life and contributions are deeply revered in Sikh history and continue to inspire generations.

Mātā Jīto, also known as Ajeet Kaur, was the first wife of the tenth Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh. Their marriage took place in 1677 when she was seven years old and he was eleven. Due to safety concerns, Guru Gobind Singh established a new settlement called Guru Ka Lahore, where their wedding occurred. Mātā Jīto was the mother of Jujhar Singh, Zorawar Singh, and Fateh Singh. There are different views among Sikh historians about her presence during the Amrit Sanchaar, with conflicting claims about her involvement in the event. Some sources suggest that she played a role in the creation of Khalsa Panth, while others refute this claim. A fresco located in the original Akal Takht has been cited as evidence of her participation. Mātā Jīto's life is a significant part of Sikh history and provides insight into the traditions and events of that time. Her role as the wife of Guru Gobind Singh and her presence during important events in Sikhism make her a notable figure in the religion's history.Keywords: Mātā Jīto, Ajeet Kaur, Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, marriage, Khalsa Panth, Amrit Sanchaar, Sikh history, traditions, religion.

Mata Sahib Devan (1 November 1681 – 1747), also known as Mata Sahib Kaur and Mata Sahib Devi, was the wife of Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru. Born in Rohtas, she was offered in marriage to Guru Gobind Singh by her devout Sikh father. Their nuptials took place in 1700 at Anandpur, with the Guru clarifying that their union would be of a spiritual nature. Mata Sahib Devan was proclaimed as the Mother of the Khalsa by Guru Gobind Singh, and her role in the Khalsa Panth is revered to this day. She is believed to have dressed as an ordinary woman to escape persecution during the Battle of Sarsa. Mata Sahib Devan passed away in 1747 and was cremated at Gurdwara Bala Sahib, New Delhi.While there are varying historical perspectives on her presence during the Amrit Sanchaar, Mata Sahib Devan's influence as the mother figure of the Khalsa Panth remains significant. Her life and contributions have been depicted in popular culture, including the 2022 animated film "Supreme Motherhood: The Journey of Mata Sahib Kaur." Mata Sahib Devan's legacy continues to be celebrated within the Sikh community, embodying the values of maternal love and spiritual guidance to the Khalsa.