ES
Ella Smith — 1920 US Census Record
Linked across censuses1920 United States Federal Census · Caroline, Virginia
Our Model Tree links this Ella Smith across the 1910 and 1920 US Censuses in Caroline, Virginia (XGBoost, ~Confirmed) — first a daughter (b.~1907), then head of a 12-person household.
Age 13
b. ~1907
Female
Daughter
Born: Virginia
Single
1920 Census Record Details
| Census Year | 1920 |
| Location | Caroline, Virginia |
| Surname | Smith |
| Given Name | Ella |
| Relationship to Head | Daughter |
| Sex | F |
| Color / Race | Black |
| Age | 13 |
| Marital Status | Single |
| Birthplace | Virginia |
| Father's Birthplace | Virginia |
| Mother's Birthplace | Virginia |
| Additional Details | |
| Can Read | Yes |
| Can Write | Yes |
| Speaks English | Yes |
| Birth State | Virginia |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | virginia |
| Township / Ward | Bowling Green Township |
| Est. Birth Year | ~1907 |
Household Members
Census records only state relationship to the household head.
Pairwise kinship is derived (~90–95% accurate), not recorded.
Step/blended families and boarders can break it.
12 people recorded at the same address in the 1920 census.
| Name | Relation to head | Relative to Ella | Age | Birth yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ella Smith | Daughter | — | 13 | ~1907 |
| Kate Smith | Daughter | — | 3 | ~1917 |
| Mildred Smith | Daughter | — | 11 | ~1909 |
| Fannie Smith | Daughter | — | 1 | ~1919 |
| Florence Smith | Daughter | — | 14 | ~1906 |
| Mary Smith | Daughter | — | 2 | ~1918 |
| Sarah Smith | Daughter | — | 1 | ~1919 |
| Daniel Smith | Head | — | 42 | ~1878 |
| Joseph Smith | Son | — | 5 | ~1915 |
| Charles Smith | Son | — | 18 | ~1902 |
| David Smith | Son | — | 12 | ~1908 |
| Mary Smith | Spouse | — | 41 | ~1879 |
Census Appearances
1910
Nansemond, Virginia
Daughter, age 3
Nansemond, Virginia · implied b. ~1907 — 6 household members
●
Primary link
· ~Confirmed · 2 sources
XGBoost
Household
| Surname | Smith |
| Given Name | Ella |
| Relationship to Head | Daughter |
| Sex | F |
| Color / Race | Black |
| Age | 3 |
| Marital Status | Single |
| Birthplace | Virginia |
| Father's Birthplace | Virginia |
| Mother's Birthplace | Virginia |
| Birth State | Virginia |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | virginia |
1920
Caroline, Virginia
Daughter, age 13
Caroline, Virginia · implied b. ~1907 — 12 household members
| Surname | Smith |
| Given Name | Ella |
| Relationship to Head | Daughter |
| Sex | F |
| Color / Race | Black |
| Age | 13 |
| Marital Status | Single |
| Birthplace | Virginia |
| Father's Birthplace | Virginia |
| Mother's Birthplace | Virginia |
| Can Read | Yes |
| Can Write | Yes |
| Speaks English | Yes |
| Birth State | Virginia |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | virginia |
Model Tree
An inferred pedigree reconstructed from census links — up to 4 generations within the 1900–1950 window. Closer generations are built from household co-residence; deeper ones are bridged by following a relative to their own childhood census. Confidence compounds and weakens with each generation.
Our Model Tree links Ella Smith across 2 US Census years (1910 and 1920) in 2 locations, using XGBoost record linkage.
Show:
This person
Anchor record
Ella Smith
Daughter · 1920 · age 13 · b. ~1907 · Virginia
★ You are viewing this record
Sibling
Charles Smith
Sibling · 1920 · age 18
Source co-child of head (derived)
● Co-child · derived · ~0.88
Sibling
Mary Smith
Sibling · 1920 · age 2
Source co-child of head (derived)
● Co-child · derived · ~0.88
Sibling
Fannie Smith
Sibling · 1920 · age 1
Source co-child of head (derived)
● Co-child · derived · ~0.88
Sibling
Sarah Smith
Sibling · 1920 · age 1
Source co-child of head (derived)
● Co-child · derived · ~0.88
Sibling
David Smith
Sibling · 1920 · age 12
Source co-child of head (derived)
● Co-child · derived · ~0.88
Sibling
Mildred Smith
Sibling · 1920 · age 11
Source co-child of head (derived)
● Co-child · derived · ~0.88
Sibling
Florence Smith
Sibling · 1920 · age 14
Source co-child of head (derived)
● Co-child · derived · ~0.88
Sibling
Joseph Smith
Sibling · 1920 · age 5
Source co-child of head (derived)
● Co-child · derived · ~0.88
Sibling
Kate Smith
Sibling · 1920 · age 3
Source co-child of head (derived)
● Co-child · derived · ~0.88
Confirmed / household (~0.90+)
Probable / derived (~0.65–0.89)
Candidate (<0.65, unverified)
Original Census Page
1920 US Federal Census — Caroline, Virginia
Open full size
1920 US Federal Census — Caroline, Virginia
Page Contents
50 people indexed on this census page (ia:1920:14thcensusofpopu1884unit:0689)
| Line | Name | Age | Relation | Occupation | Birthplace |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 51 | Myrtle | 24 | Wife | — | Virginia |
| 52 | Luke M Thomas | 38 | Head | Farmer | Virginia |
| 53 | Rosa M Thomas | 31 | Wife | — | Virginia |
| 54 | Nathan J Thomas | 30 | Son | — | Virginia |
| 55 | John Thomas | 27 | Son | — | Virginia |
| 56 | William Thomas | 25 | Son | — | Virginia |
| 57 | James Johnson | 44 | Head | Farmer | Virginia |
| 58 | Sarah Johnson | 41 | Wife | — | Virginia |
| 59 | James Johnson | 11 | Son | — | Virginia |
| 60 | Annie Johnson | 2 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 61 | Mary Johnson | 2 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 62 | William Johnson | 5 | Son | — | Virginia |
| 63 | Arthur Smith | 25 | Head | Farmer | Virginia |
| 64 | Lucy Smith | 18 | Wife | — | Virginia |
| 65 | James Smith | 43 | Head | Farmer | Virginia |
| 66 | Annie Smith | 34 | Wife | — | Virginia |
| 67 | Bertha Smith | 11 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 68 | Marguerite Smith | 8 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 69 | Walter Smith | 3 | Son | — | Virginia |
| 70 | Dora Smith | 2 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 71 | Daniel Smith | 42 | Head | Farmer | Virginia |
| 72 | Mary Smith | 41 | Wife | — | Virginia |
| 73 | Charles Smith | 18 | Son | — | Virginia |
| 74 | Florence Smith | 14 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 75 | Ella Smith THIS PERSON | 13 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 76 | David Smith | 12 | Son | — | Virginia |
| 77 | Mildred Smith | 11 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 78 | Joseph Smith | 5 | Son | — | Virginia |
| 79 | Kate Smith | 3 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 80 | Mary Smith | 2 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 81 | Sarah Smith | 1 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 82 | Fannie Smith | 1 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 83 | George Wilson | 62 | Head | Farmer | Virginia |
| 84 | Mary Wilson | 60 | Wife | — | Virginia |
| 85 | Robert Wilson | 40 | Son | — | Virginia |
| 86 | John Wilson | 24 | Son | — | Virginia |
| 87 | William Wilson | 17 | Son | — | Virginia |
| 88 | Samuel Wilson | 11 | Son | — | Virginia |
| 89 | Frank Washington | 21 | Head | Farmer | Virginia |
| 90 | Annie Washington | 21 | Wife | — | Virginia |
| 91 | Preston Washington | 20 | Son | Laborer | Virginia |
| 92 | Elizabeth Washington | 18 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 93 | Mary Washington | 16 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 94 | Martha Washington | 14 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
| 95 | Joseph Washington | 8 | Son | — | Virginia |
| 96 | Joseph Andrews | 38 | Head | Farmer | Virginia |
| 97 | James Andrews | 75 | Brother | — | Virginia |
| 98 | Thomas Cooper | 73 | Head | Farmer | Virginia |
| 99 | Sarah Cooper | 69 | Wife | — | Virginia |
| 100 | Annie Cooper | 49 | Daughter | — | Virginia |
About This Record & Model Tree
This record was independently indexed by YourRoots from the 1920 United States Federal Census (NARA). Our Model Tree links this person across census decades using XGBoost-based record linkage, with per-link confidence scores. Household corroboration strengthens the signal when co-residents appear on the same census pages in multiple years.
Source: National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)