ES
Ethel Smith — 1940 US Census Record
Linked across censuses1940 United States Federal Census · Armstrong-County, Pennsylvania
Our Model Tree links this Ethel Smith across the 1920, 1930 and 1940 US Censuses in Armstrong-County, Pennsylvania (XGBoost, ~Confirmed) — first a head (b.~1898), then head of a 6-person household.
Age 42
b. ~1898
Female
Head
Born: Pennsylvania
Widowed
1940 Census Record Details
| Census Year | 1940 |
| Location | Armstrong-County, Pennsylvania |
| Surname | Smith |
| Given Name | Ethel E |
| Relationship to Head | Head |
| Sex | F |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 42 |
| Marital Status | Widowed |
| Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| 1935 Residence (City) | R |
| 1935 Residence (County) | Armstrong |
| Additional Details | |
| Occupation | Operator |
| Industry | Restaurant |
| Class of Worker | OA |
| Hours Worked | 10 |
| Income (1939) | 410 |
| Highest Grade | H-2 |
| 1935 Residence | Pennsylvania |
| Birth State | Pennsylvania |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | pennsylvania |
| Occupation | Operator |
| Township / Ward | Red Bank Twps |
| Est. Birth Year | ~1898 |
Household Members
Census records only state relationship to the household head.
Pairwise kinship is derived (~90–95% accurate), not recorded.
Step/blended families and boarders can break it.
6 people recorded at the same address in the 1940 census.
| Name | Relation to head | Relative to Ethel | Age | Birth yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norma Smith | Daughter | — | 13 | ~1927 |
| Lois Smith | Daughter | — | 5 | ~1935 |
| Ethel Smith | Head | — | 42 | ~1898 |
| Dana Wolfgang | Other | — | 66 | ~1874 |
| William Smith | Son | — | 16 | ~1924 |
| Rodney Smith | Son | — | 10 | ~1930 |
Census Appearances
1920
Armstrong, Pennsylvania
Spouse, age 22
Armstrong, Pennsylvania · implied b. ~1898 — 3 household members
●
Primary link
· ~Confirmed · 2 sources
XGBoost
Household
| Surname | Smith |
| Given Name | Ethel E. |
| Relationship to Head | Wife |
| Sex | F |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 22 |
| Marital Status | Married |
| Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| Father's Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| Mother's Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| Can Read | Yes |
| Can Write | Yes |
| Speaks English | Yes |
| Birth State | Pennsylvania |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | pennsylvania |
1930
Armstrong, Pennsylvania
Spouse, age 32
Armstrong, Pennsylvania · implied b. ~1898 — 5 household members
●
Primary link
· ~Confirmed · 2 sources
XGBoost
Household
| Surname | Smith |
| Given Name | Ethel |
| Relationship to Head | Wife |
| Sex | F |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 32 |
| Marital Status | Married |
| Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| Age at First Marriage | 19 |
| Father's Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| Mother's Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| Can Read/Write | Yes |
| Birth State | Pennsylvania |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | pennsylvania |
1940
Armstrong-County, Pennsylvania
Head, age 42
Armstrong-County, Pennsylvania · implied b. ~1898 — 6 household members
| Surname | Smith |
| Given Name | Ethel E |
| Relationship to Head | Head |
| Sex | F |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 42 |
| Marital Status | Widowed |
| Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| 1935 Residence (City) | R |
| 1935 Residence (County) | Armstrong |
| Occupation | Operator |
| Industry | Restaurant |
| Class of Worker | OA |
| Hours Worked | 10 |
| Income (1939) | 410 |
| Highest Grade | H-2 |
| 1935 Residence | Pennsylvania |
| Birth State | Pennsylvania |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | pennsylvania |
Model Tree
An inferred pedigree reconstructed from census links — up to 4 generations within the 1900–1950 window. Closer generations are built from household co-residence; deeper ones are bridged by following a relative to their own childhood census. Confidence compounds and weakens with each generation.
Our Model Tree links Ethel Smith across 3 US Census years (1920, 1930 and 1940) in 2 locations, using XGBoost record linkage.
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This person
Anchor record
Ethel Smith
Head · 1940 · age 42 · b. ~1898 · Pennsylvania
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Confirmed / household (~0.90+)
Probable / derived (~0.65–0.89)
Candidate (<0.65, unverified)
Original Census Page
1940 US Federal Census — Armstrong-County, Pennsylvania
Open full size
1940 US Federal Census — Armstrong-County, Pennsylvania
Page Contents
39 people indexed on this census page (nara:1940:m-t0627-03424-00480)
| Line | Name | Age | Relation | Occupation | Birthplace |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Carlyle F Christ | 51 | Head | Laborer | Pennsylvania |
| 2 | Elizabeth A Christ | 51 | Wife | — | Pennsylvania |
| 3 | Alice Thy J Christ | 18 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
| 4 | Thomas L Perry | 52 | Head | Merchant | Italy |
| 5 | Mary Perry | 45 | Wife | — | Italy |
| 6 | Joseph F Perry | 23 | Son | Manager | Pennsylvania |
| 7 | Helen P Perry | 21 | Daughter | Clerk | Pennsylvania |
| 8 | Emerson H Richard | 36 | Head | Dealer | Pennsylvania |
| 9 | Nellie M Richard | 35 | Wife | — | Pennsylvania |
| 10 | Mildred M Richard | 16 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
| 11 | Jean L Richard | 13 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
| 12 | Jack G Richard | 5 | Son | — | Pennsylvania |
| 13 | Richard R Richard | 2 | Son | — | Pennsylvania |
| 14 | Ethel E Smith THIS PERSON | 42 | Head | Operator | Pennsylvania |
| 15 | William H Jr Smith | 16 | Son | — | Pennsylvania |
| 16 | Norma J Smith | 13 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
| 17 | Rodney E Smith | 10 | Son | — | Pennsylvania |
| 18 | Lois E Smith | 5 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
| 19 | Dana L Wolfgang | 66 | Aunt | — | Pennsylvania |
| 20 | Sylvan L Warehime | 34 | Head | Mechanic | Ohio |
| 21 | Bertha M Warehime | 24 | Wife | — | Ohio |
| 22 | Betty R Warehime | 10 | Daughter | — | Ohio |
| 23 | James H Warehime | 6 | Son | — | Ohio |
| 24 | Ray W Moverspike | 29 | Head | Teacher | Pennsylvania |
| 25 | Janet L Moverspike | 23 | Wife | — | Pennsylvania |
| 26 | David R Himes | 53 | Head | Operator | Pennsylvania |
| 27 | Anita Himes | 45 | Wife | — | Pennsylvania |
| 28 | George W Himes | 23 | Son | Laborer | Pennsylvania |
| 29 | Ann M Himes | 15 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
| 30 | Isabelle A Himes | 13 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
| 31 | Samuel W Richard | 81 | Head | Operator | Pennsylvania |
| 32 | Liza J Richard | 84 | Wife | — | Pennsylvania |
| 33 | Alvin E Smith | 63 | Head | Miner | Pennsylvania |
| 34 | Gertrude E Smith | 60 | Wife | — | Pennsylvania |
| 35 | Newton D Smith | 23 | Son | Miner | Pennsylvania |
| 36 | Grace G Smith | 20 | Daughter-in-law | — | Pennsylvania |
| 37 | Daniel E Smith | 1 | Grandson | — | Pennsylvania |
| 38 | Carl E Miller | 13 | Grandson | — | Pennsylvania |
| 39 | Lorraine S Smith | 11 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
About This Record & Model Tree
This record was independently indexed by YourRoots from the 1940 United States Federal Census (NARA). Our Model Tree links this person across census decades using XGBoost-based record linkage, with per-link confidence scores. Household corroboration strengthens the signal when co-residents appear on the same census pages in multiple years.
Source: National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)