FK
Frank Kowalski — 1940 US Census Record
Linked across censuses1940 United States Federal Census · Menominee-County, Michigan
Our Model Tree links this Frank Kowalski across the 1930 and 1940 US Censuses in Menominee-County, Michigan (XGBoost, ~Confirmed) — first a head (b.~1897), then head of a 9-person household.
Age 43
b. ~1897
Male
Head
Born: Wisconsin
Married
1940 Census Record Details
| Census Year | 1940 |
| Location | Menominee-County, Michigan |
| Surname | Kowalski |
| Given Name | Frank |
| Relationship to Head | Head |
| Sex | M |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 43 |
| Marital Status | Married |
| Birthplace | Wisconsin |
| 1935 Residence (City) | Menominee |
| 1935 Residence (County) | Menominee |
| Additional Details | |
| Occupation | Fireman |
| Industry | Rail Road |
| Class of Worker | PW |
| Hours Worked | 40 |
| Income (1939) | 2100 |
| Highest Grade | Hs 4 |
| 1935 Residence | Same place |
| Birth State | Wisconsin |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | wisconsin |
| Occupation | Fireman |
| Township / Ward | Menominee |
| Est. Birth Year | ~1897 |
Household Members
Census records only state relationship to the household head.
Pairwise kinship is derived (~90–95% accurate), not recorded.
Step/blended families and boarders can break it.
9 people recorded at the same address in the 1940 census.
| Name | Relation to head | Relative to Frank | Age | Birth yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thomas Vandervest | Son | — | 6 | ~1934 |
| Rose Vandervest | Other | — | 30 | ~1910 |
| Robert Kowalski | Son | — | 15 | ~1925 |
| John Kowalski | Son | — | 12 | ~1928 |
| Thomas Kowalski | Son | — | 7 | ~1933 |
| Judith Kowalski | Daughter | — | 5 | ~1935 |
| Francis Kowalski | Son | — | 14 | ~1926 |
| Roger Vandervest | Son | — | 9 | ~1931 |
| Frank Kowalski | Head | — | 43 | ~1897 |
Census Appearances
1930
Menominee, Michigan
Head, age 33
Menominee, Michigan · implied b. ~1897 — 6 household members
●
Primary link
· ~Confirmed · 2 sources
XGBoost
Household
| Surname | Kowalski |
| Given Name | Frank J |
| Relationship to Head | Head |
| Sex | M |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 33 |
| Marital Status | Married |
| Birthplace | Wisconsin |
| Age at First Marriage | 26 |
| Father's Birthplace | Poland |
| Mother's Birthplace | Poland |
| Occupation | Fireman |
| Industry | Steam railroad |
| Class of Worker | W |
| Can Read/Write | Yes |
| Home Owned/Rented | O |
| Home Value / Rent | 2,500 |
| Radio Set | R |
| Veteran | Yes |
| Birth State | Wisconsin |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | wisconsin |
1940
Menominee-County, Michigan
Head, age 43
Menominee-County, Michigan · implied b. ~1897 — 9 household members
| Surname | Kowalski |
| Given Name | Frank |
| Relationship to Head | Head |
| Sex | M |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 43 |
| Marital Status | Married |
| Birthplace | Wisconsin |
| 1935 Residence (City) | Menominee |
| 1935 Residence (County) | Menominee |
| Occupation | Fireman |
| Industry | Rail Road |
| Class of Worker | PW |
| Hours Worked | 40 |
| Income (1939) | 2100 |
| Highest Grade | Hs 4 |
| 1935 Residence | Same place |
| Birth State | Wisconsin |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | wisconsin |
Model Tree
An inferred pedigree reconstructed from census links — up to 4 generations within the 1900–1950 window. Closer generations are built from household co-residence; deeper ones are bridged by following a relative to their own childhood census. Confidence compounds and weakens with each generation.
Our Model Tree links Frank Kowalski across 2 US Census years (1930 and 1940) in 2 locations, using XGBoost record linkage.
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This person
Anchor record
Frank Kowalski
Head · 1940 · age 43 · b. ~1897 · Michigan
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Confirmed / household (~0.90+)
Probable / derived (~0.65–0.89)
Candidate (<0.65, unverified)
Original Census Page
1940 US Federal Census — Menominee-County, Michigan
Open full size
1940 US Federal Census — Menominee-County, Michigan
Page Contents
40 people indexed on this census page (nara:1940:m-t0627-01789-00216)
| Line | Name | Age | Relation | Occupation | Birthplace |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 41 | Lars Holm | 45 | Head | Mechanist | Michigan |
| 42 | Minnie Holm | 45 | Wife | — | Michigan |
| 43 | Elaine Holm | 19 | Daughter | Receptionist | Michigan |
| 44 | Harry Holm | 23 | Son | Truck Driver | Wisconsin |
| 45 | Jordan Bailey | 37 | Head | Fisherman | Michigan |
| 46 | Frances Bailey | 32 | Wife | — | Wisconsin |
| 47 | Delores Bailey | 13 | Daughter | — | Michigan |
| 48 | James Bailey | 12 | Son | — | Michigan |
| 49 | John Bailey | 10 | Son | — | Michigan |
| 50 | Robert Bailey | 9 | Son | — | Michigan |
| 51 | Shirley Bailey | 3 | Daughter | — | Michigan |
| 52 | Gordon Smith | 36 | Head | Time Keeper | Michigan |
| 53 | Hannah Smith | 28 | Wife | — | Michigan |
| 54 | Shirley A. Smith | 8 | Daughter | — | Michigan |
| 55 | Gordon Jr. Smith | 4 | Son | — | Michigan |
| 56 | Alfred Arseneau | 58 | Head | Unloader | Michigan |
| 57 | Alfred Jr. Arseneau | 17 | Son | Truck Driver | Minnesota |
| 58 | Clarence Arseneau | 16 | Son | — | Michigan |
| 59 | Lucetta Arseneau | 15 | Daughter | — | Michigan |
| 60 | Michael Ostringa | 51 | Head | Carpenter | Wisconsin |
| 61 | Frank Ostringa | 34 | Son | — | Michigan |
| 62 | Alfred Wellner | 38 | Head | Machine Tender | Michigan |
| 63 | Marie Wellner | 26 | Wife | — | Missouri |
| 64 | Patricia Wellner | 10 | Daughter | — | Michigan |
| 65 | Janet Wellner | 9 | Daughter | — | Michigan |
| 66 | Alfred Jr. Wellner | 7 | Son | — | Michigan |
| 67 | Marvin Wellner | 6 | Son | — | Michigan |
| 68 | Frank Kowalski THIS PERSON | 43 | Head | Fireman | Wisconsin |
| 69 | Robert Kowalski | 15 | Son | — | Michigan |
| 70 | Francis Kowalski | 14 | Son | — | Michigan |
| 71 | John Kowalski | 12 | Son | — | Michigan |
| 72 | Thomas Kowalski | 7 | Son | — | Michigan |
| 73 | Judith Ann Kowalski | 5 | Daughter | — | Michigan |
| 74 | Rose Vandervest | 30 | House Keeper | Housekeeper | Wisconsin |
| 75 | Roger Vandervest | 9 | Son | — | Wisconsin |
| 76 | Thomas Vandervest | 6 | Son | — | Wisconsin |
| 77 | Josephine Arseneau | 58 | Head | — | Wisconsin |
| 78 | Caron Arseneau | 26 | Son | Semi Skilled Labor | Michigan |
| 79 | Frank Krelou | 41 | Head | Foreman | Michigan |
| 80 | Julia Krelou | 42 | Wife | — | Michigan |
About This Record & Model Tree
This record was independently indexed by YourRoots from the 1940 United States Federal Census (NARA). Our Model Tree links this person across census decades using XGBoost-based record linkage, with per-link confidence scores. Household corroboration strengthens the signal when co-residents appear on the same census pages in multiple years.
Source: National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)