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James Armstrong — 1940 US Census Record
Linked across censuses1940 United States Federal Census · Essex-County, Massachusetts
Our Model Tree links this James Armstrong across the 1920, 1930 and 1940 US Censuses in Essex-County, Massachusetts (XGBoost, ~Confirmed) — first a head (b.~1881), then head of a 4-person household.
Age 59
b. ~1881
Male
Head
Born: New Hampshire
Married
1940 Census Record Details
| Census Year | 1940 |
| Location | Essex-County, Massachusetts |
| Surname | Armstrong |
| Given Name | James H |
| Relationship to Head | Head |
| Sex | M |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 59 |
| Marital Status | Married |
| Birthplace | New Hampshire |
| 1935 Residence (City) | Salem |
| 1935 Residence (County) | Essex |
| Additional Details | |
| Occupation | Hand Laster |
| Industry | Shoe Industry |
| Class of Worker | PW |
| Hours Worked | 40 |
| Income (1939) | 900 |
| Highest Grade | Hs 4 |
| 1935 Residence | Massachusetts |
| Birth State | New Hampshire |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | new hampshire |
| Occupation | Hand Laster |
| Township / Ward | Lynn City |
| Est. Birth Year | ~1881 |
Household Members
Census records only state relationship to the household head.
Pairwise kinship is derived (~90–95% accurate), not recorded.
Step/blended families and boarders can break it.
4 people recorded at the same address in the 1940 census.
| Name | Relation to head | Relative to James | Age | Birth yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Armstrong | Head | — | 59 | ~1881 |
| James Armstrong | Son | — | 3 | ~1937 |
| David Armstrong | Son | — | 1 | ~1939 |
| Mary Armstrong | Spouse | — | 35 | ~1905 |
Census Appearances
1920
Essex, Massachusetts
Other, age 42
Essex, Massachusetts · implied b. ~1878 — 27 household members
●
Primary link
· ~Confirmed · 2 sources
XGBoost
Household
| Surname | Armstrong |
| Given Name | James W. |
| Relationship to Head | Brother-in-law |
| Sex | M |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 42 |
| Marital Status | Married |
| Birthplace | New Hampshire |
| Father's Birthplace | New Hampshire |
| Mother's Birthplace | New Hampshire |
| Occupation | Edge Setter |
| Industry | Shoe Mnfg |
| Class of Worker | W |
| Can Read | Yes |
| Can Write | Yes |
| Speaks English | Yes |
| Birth State | New Hampshire |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | new hampshire |
1930
Essex, Massachusetts
Other, age 49
Essex, Massachusetts · implied b. ~1881 — 24 household members
●
Primary link
· ~Confirmed · 2 sources
XGBoost
Household
| Surname | Armstrong |
| Given Name | James |
| Relationship to Head | Roomer |
| Sex | M |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 49 |
| Marital Status | Single |
| Birthplace | New Hampshire |
| Father's Birthplace | New Hampshire |
| Mother's Birthplace | New Hampshire |
| Occupation | Cutter |
| Industry | Shoe Factory |
| Class of Worker | W |
| Can Read/Write | Yes |
| Veteran | No |
| Birth State | New Hampshire |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | new hampshire |
1940
Essex-County, Massachusetts
Head, age 59
Essex-County, Massachusetts · implied b. ~1881 — 4 household members
| Surname | Armstrong |
| Given Name | James H |
| Relationship to Head | Head |
| Sex | M |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 59 |
| Marital Status | Married |
| Birthplace | New Hampshire |
| 1935 Residence (City) | Salem |
| 1935 Residence (County) | Essex |
| Occupation | Hand Laster |
| Industry | Shoe Industry |
| Class of Worker | PW |
| Hours Worked | 40 |
| Income (1939) | 900 |
| Highest Grade | Hs 4 |
| 1935 Residence | Massachusetts |
| Birth State | New Hampshire |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | new hampshire |
Model Tree
An inferred pedigree reconstructed from census links — up to 4 generations within the 1900–1950 window. Closer generations are built from household co-residence; deeper ones are bridged by following a relative to their own childhood census. Confidence compounds and weakens with each generation.
Our Model Tree links James Armstrong across 3 US Census years (1920, 1930 and 1940) in 2 locations, using XGBoost record linkage.
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This person
Anchor record
James Armstrong
Head · 1940 · age 59 · b. ~1881 · Massachusetts
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Confirmed / household (~0.90+)
Probable / derived (~0.65–0.89)
Candidate (<0.65, unverified)
Original Census Page
1940 US Federal Census — Essex-County, Massachusetts
Open full size
1940 US Federal Census — Essex-County, Massachusetts
Page Contents
40 people indexed on this census page (nara:1940:m-t0627-01695-00714)
| Line | Name | Age | Relation | Occupation | Birthplace |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 41 | Bernadette John Bonsignore | 15 | Son | — | Massachusetts |
| 42 | James H Armstrong THIS PERSON | 59 | Head | Hand Laster | New Hampshire |
| 43 | Mary C Armstrong | 35 | Wife | — | Massachusetts |
| 44 | James Wm Armstrong | 3 | Son | No | Massachusetts |
| 45 | David Armstrong | 1 | Son | No | Massachusetts |
| 46 | Frank Drinkwater | 49 | Head | Machinist | Massachusetts |
| 47 | Minnie Drinkwater | 42 | Wife | — | Massachusetts |
| 48 | George L Norton | 63 | Head | Boarding | Massachusetts |
| 49 | Mary G Norton | 61 | Wife | — | Massachusetts |
| 50 | Edna M Doucette | 40 | Daughter | Stitcher | Massachusetts |
| 51 | Winifred M Doucette | 19 | Granddaughter | — | Massachusetts |
| 52 | Claire G Doucette | 16 | Granddaughter | — | Massachusetts |
| 53 | Byron H Morley | 30 | Head | Maintenance | Massachusetts |
| 54 | Edith G Morley | 26 | Wife | — | Massachusetts |
| 55 | Lizzie D Morley | 65 | Mother-in-law | — | Massachusetts |
| 56 | Frank Robbins | 31 | Head | Meat Cutter | Massachusetts |
| 57 | Virginia Robbins | 26 | Wife | Stenographer | Massachusetts |
| 58 | June Robbins | 6 | Daughter | — | Massachusetts |
| 59 | Frank J Robbins | 5 | Son | — | Massachusetts |
| 60 | Edith Phillips | 57 | Mother-in-law | Clerk | Massachusetts |
| 61 | Ernest F Hanson | 39 | Head | Buyer | Massachusetts |
| 62 | Marion F Hanson | 37 | Wife | — | Massachusetts |
| 63 | Dorothy M Hanson | 15 | Daughter | — | Massachusetts |
| 64 | Robert F Hanson | 12 | Son | — | Massachusetts |
| 65 | Charles I Gould | 65 | Head | Manager | Maine |
| 66 | Sadie M Gould | 57 | Wife | — | Massachusetts |
| 67 | George H Sands | 65 | Head | Tacker | Maine |
| 68 | Almina Sands | 55 | Wife | Stitcher | Vermont |
| 69 | Herbert Bradley | 58 | Head | Plumber | England |
| 70 | Bernice M Bradley | 53 | Wife | Packer | Massachusetts |
| 71 | Alice M Byrd | 48 | Head | — | New Hampshire |
| 72 | Fredrick B Byrd | 25 | Son | Clerk | Massachusetts |
| 73 | James E Valty | 62 | Head | Machinist | Massachusetts |
| 74 | Josephine Valty | 51 | Wife | — | Italy |
| 75 | Rose M Valty | 31 | Daughter | Stenographer | Massachusetts |
| 76 | Louise J Valty | 28 | Daughter | Repairman | Massachusetts |
| 77 | Alfred C Valty | 55 | Head | Machinist | Italy |
| 78 | Bertha M Valty | 57 | Wife | — | Massachusetts |
| 79 | Maden H Atherton | 43 | Head | Welder | Maine |
| 80 | Charlotte E Atherton | 38 | Wife | — | Massachusetts |
About This Record & Model Tree
This record was independently indexed by YourRoots from the 1940 United States Federal Census (NARA). Our Model Tree links this person across census decades using XGBoost-based record linkage, with per-link confidence scores. Household corroboration strengthens the signal when co-residents appear on the same census pages in multiple years.
Source: National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)