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Leo Smith — 1930 US Census Record
Linked across censuses1930 United States Federal Census · Hardy, West Virginia
Our Model Tree links this Leo Smith across the 1920 and 1930 US Censuses in Hardy, West Virginia (XGBoost, ~Confirmed) — first a head (b.~1887), then head of a 9-person household.
Age 43
b. ~1887
Male
Head
Born: West Virginia
Married
1930 Census Record Details
| Census Year | 1930 |
| Location | Hardy, West Virginia |
| Surname | Smith |
| Given Name | Leo |
| Relationship to Head | Head |
| Sex | M |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 43 |
| Marital Status | Married |
| Birthplace | West Virginia |
| Age at First Marriage | 20 |
| Father's Birthplace | West Virginia |
| Mother's Birthplace | West Virginia |
| Additional Details | |
| Occupation | none |
| Can Read/Write | Yes |
| Home Owned/Rented | R |
| Home Value / Rent | 10 |
| Birth State | West Virginia |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | west virginia |
| Township / Ward | Capon District |
| Est. Birth Year | ~1887 |
Household Members
Census records only state relationship to the household head.
Pairwise kinship is derived (~90–95% accurate), not recorded.
Step/blended families and boarders can break it.
9 people recorded at the same address in the 1930 census.
| Name | Relation to head | Relative to Leo | Age | Birth yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Florence Smith | Daughter | — | 16 | ~1914 |
| Esther Smith | Daughter | — | 20 | ~1910 |
| Effie Smith | Daughter | — | 8 | ~1922 |
| Lusi Smith | Daughter | — | 10 | ~1920 |
| Pauline Smith | Daughter | — | 2 | ~1928 |
| Elta Smith | Daughter | — | 5 | ~1925 |
| Leo Smith | Head | — | 43 | ~1887 |
| Cora Smith | Other | — | 42 | ~1888 |
| Roy Smith | Son | — | 14 | ~1916 |
Census Appearances
1920
Hardy, West …
Head, age 33
Hardy, West Virginia · implied b. ~1887 — 6 household members
●
Primary link
· ~Confirmed · 2 sources
XGBoost
Household
| Surname | Smith |
| Given Name | Leo |
| Relationship to Head | Head |
| Sex | M |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 33 |
| Marital Status | Married |
| Birthplace | West Virginia |
| Father's Birthplace | West Virginia |
| Mother's Birthplace | West Virginia |
| Occupation | Laborer |
| Industry | Farm |
| Class of Worker | W |
| Can Read | Yes |
| Can Write | Yes |
| Speaks English | Yes |
| Mother Tongue | English |
| Home Owned/Rented | R |
| Birth State | West Virginia |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | west virginia |
1930
Hardy, West …
Head, age 43
Hardy, West Virginia · implied b. ~1887 — 9 household members
| Surname | Smith |
| Given Name | Leo |
| Relationship to Head | Head |
| Sex | M |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 43 |
| Marital Status | Married |
| Birthplace | West Virginia |
| Age at First Marriage | 20 |
| Father's Birthplace | West Virginia |
| Mother's Birthplace | West Virginia |
| Occupation | none |
| Can Read/Write | Yes |
| Home Owned/Rented | R |
| Home Value / Rent | 10 |
| Birth State | West Virginia |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | west virginia |
Model Tree
An inferred pedigree reconstructed from census links — up to 4 generations within the 1900–1950 window. Closer generations are built from household co-residence; deeper ones are bridged by following a relative to their own childhood census. Confidence compounds and weakens with each generation.
Our Model Tree links Leo Smith across 2 US Census years (1920 and 1930) in Hardy, West Virginia, using XGBoost record linkage.
Show:
This person
Anchor record
Leo Smith
Head · 1930 · age 43 · b. ~1887 · West Virginia
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Confirmed / household (~0.90+)
Probable / derived (~0.65–0.89)
Candidate (<0.65, unverified)
Original Census Page
1930 US Federal Census — Hardy, West Virginia
Open full size
1930 US Federal Census — Hardy, West Virginia
Page Contents
50 people indexed on this census page (ia:1930:15thcensus2535unit:0536)
| Line | Name | Age | Relation | Occupation | Birthplace |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 51 | Pauline E. Webster | 5 | Daughter | — | West Virginia |
| 52 | Mildred M. Webster | 1 | Daughter | — | West Virginia |
| 53 | James E. Conard | 39 | Head | None | West Virginia |
| 54 | Sarah Conard | 37 | Wife-H | None | West Virginia |
| 55 | Walter Conard | 37 | Son | Farmer | West Virginia |
| 56 | William R. Ondorf | 62 | Head | None | West Virginia |
| 57 | Mattie C. Ondorf | 52 | Wife-H | Laborer | Virginia |
| 58 | Clarence Cullen | 35 | Head | Carpenter | Virginia |
| 59 | Pearl D. Cullen | 32 | Wife-H | None | West Virginia |
| 60 | Cathleen Cullen | 12 | Daughter | Fireman | West Virginia |
| 61 | Adline Nelson | 50 | Head-H | None | West Virginia |
| 62 | William Nelson | 25 | Son | None | West Virginia |
| 63 | Hortense V. Nelson | 15 | Daughter | Laundress | West Virginia |
| 64 | Charlotte R. Nelson | 14 | Daughter | None | West Virginia |
| 65 | Frances Walker | 8 | Boarder | None | West Virginia |
| 66 | Benjamin Bradfield | 66 | Head | None | West Virginia |
| 67 | Amanda Bradfield | 70 | Wife-H | Farmer | West Virginia |
| 68 | Jasper Bradfield | 31 | Head | None | West Virginia |
| 69 | Beulah Bradfield | 29 | Wife-H | Laborer | West Virginia |
| 70 | Harold Bradfield | 1 | Son | None | West Virginia |
| 71 | Leo Smith THIS PERSON | 43 | Head | None | West Virginia |
| 72 | Cora Smith | 42 | Wife-H | None | West Virginia |
| 73 | Esther V. Smith | 20 | Daughter | Laborer | West Virginia |
| 74 | Florence Smith | 16 | Daughter | None | West Virginia |
| 75 | Roy Smith | 14 | Son | None | West Virginia |
| 76 | Lusi Smith | 10 | Daughter | None | West Virginia |
| 77 | Effie Smith | 8 | Daughter | None | West Virginia |
| 78 | Elta M. Smith | 5 | Daughter | None | West Virginia |
| 79 | Pauline Smith | 2 | Daughter | None | West Virginia |
| 80 | Herbert Riley | 39 | Head | None | West Virginia |
| 81 | May C. Riley | 26 | Wife-H | None | West Virginia |
| 82 | Lula Riley | 6 | Daughter | Farmer | West Virginia |
| 83 | Hudson Riley | 2 | Son | None | West Virginia |
| 84 | Essie Riley | 1 | Daughter | None | West Virginia |
| 85 | Arthur Brill | 53 | Head | None | West Virginia |
| 86 | Annie H. Brill | 52 | Wife-H | None | West Virginia |
| 87 | Paul L. Brill | 11 | Son | Laborer | West Virginia |
| 88 | James Oates | 28 | Head | None | West Virginia |
| 89 | Eva Oates | 20 | Wife-H | None | West Virginia |
| 90 | Lydell V. Oates | 3 | Daughter | None | West Virginia |
| 91 | Blaine Smith | 34 | Head | None | West Virginia |
| 92 | Rosa L. Smith | 29 | Wife-H | None | West Virginia |
| 93 | Clyde H. Smith | 9 | Son | Farmer | West Virginia |
| 94 | Cecil W. Smith | 7 | Son | None | West Virginia |
| 95 | June V. Smith | 1 | Daughter | None | West Virginia |
| 96 | Charles E. Miller | 44 | Head | None | West Virginia |
| 97 | Margaret R. Miller | 45 | Wife-H | None | Virginia |
| 98 | Lillie M. Miller | 31 | Daughter | Farmer | West Virginia |
| 99 | Dora C. Miller | 27 | Daughter | None | West Virginia |
| 100 | William S. Miller | 23 | Son | None | West Virginia |
About This Record & Model Tree
This record was independently indexed by YourRoots from the 1930 United States Federal Census (NARA). Our Model Tree links this person across census decades using XGBoost-based record linkage, with per-link confidence scores. Household corroboration strengthens the signal when co-residents appear on the same census pages in multiple years.
Source: National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)