LM
Leonard Miller — 1940 US Census Record
Model Tree available1940 United States Federal Census · Lehigh-County, Pennsylvania
Our Model Tree links this Leonard Miller across the 1920, 1930 and 1940 US Censuses in Lehigh-County, Pennsylvania (XGBoost, ~Confirmed), with identified parents Amandus & Ellen — first a son (b.~1915), then head of a 5-person household.
Age 25
b. ~1915
Male
Son
Born: Pennsylvania
Single
1940 Census Record Details
| Census Year | 1940 |
| Location | Lehigh-County, Pennsylvania |
| Surname | Miller |
| Given Name | Leonard |
| Relationship to Head | Son |
| Sex | M |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 25 |
| Marital Status | Single |
| Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| 1935 Residence (City) | Coplay Borough |
| 1935 Residence (County) | Lehigh |
| Additional Details | |
| Occupation | Laborer |
| Industry | Cement mill |
| Class of Worker | PW |
| Hours Worked | 40 |
| Income (1939) | 882 |
| Highest Grade | H 4 |
| 1935 Residence | Same place |
| Birth State | Pennsylvania |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | pennsylvania |
| Occupation | Laborer |
| Township / Ward | Coplay Borough |
| Est. Birth Year | ~1915 |
Household Members
Census records only state relationship to the household head.
Pairwise kinship is derived (~90–95% accurate), not recorded.
Step/blended families and boarders can break it.
5 people recorded at the same address in the 1940 census.
| Name | Relation to head | Relative to Leonard | Age | Birth yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leonard Miller | Son | — | 25 | ~1915 |
| Mabel Hoffman | Spouse | — | 38 | ~1902 |
| Allen Hoffman | Son | — | 8 | ~1932 |
| Irene Hoffman | Daughter | — | 11 | ~1929 |
| Charles Hoffman | Head | — | 37 | ~1903 |
Census Appearances
1920
Northampton, Pennsylvania
Son, age 6
Northampton, Pennsylvania · implied b. ~1914 — 10 household members
●
Primary link
· ~Confirmed · 2 sources
XGBoost
Household
| Surname | Miller |
| Given Name | Leonard |
| Relationship to Head | Son |
| Sex | M |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 6 |
| Marital Status | Single |
| Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| Father's Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| Mother's Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| Birth State | Pennsylvania |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | pennsylvania |
1930
Lehigh, Pennsylvania
Son, age 16
Lehigh, Pennsylvania · implied b. ~1914 — 7 household members
●
Primary link
· ~Confirmed · 2 sources
XGBoost
Household
| Surname | Miller |
| Given Name | Lenard M. |
| Relationship to Head | Son |
| Sex | M |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 16 |
| Marital Status | Single |
| Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| Father's Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| Mother's Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| Can Read/Write | Yes |
| Birth State | Pennsylvania |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | pennsylvania |
1940
Lehigh-County, Pennsylvania
Son, age 25
Lehigh-County, Pennsylvania · implied b. ~1915 — 5 household members
| Surname | Miller |
| Given Name | Leonard |
| Relationship to Head | Son |
| Sex | M |
| Color / Race | White |
| Age | 25 |
| Marital Status | Single |
| Birthplace | Pennsylvania |
| 1935 Residence (City) | Coplay Borough |
| 1935 Residence (County) | Lehigh |
| Occupation | Laborer |
| Industry | Cement mill |
| Class of Worker | PW |
| Hours Worked | 40 |
| Income (1939) | 882 |
| Highest Grade | H 4 |
| 1935 Residence | Same place |
| Birth State | Pennsylvania |
| Birth Country | United States |
| Birthplace (normalized) | pennsylvania |
Model Tree
An inferred pedigree reconstructed from census links — up to 4 generations within the 1900–1950 window. Closer generations are built from household co-residence; deeper ones are bridged by following a relative to their own childhood census. Confidence compounds and weakens with each generation.
Our Model Tree links Leonard Miller across 3 US Census years (1920, 1930 and 1940) in 3 locations, using XGBoost record linkage. Identified parents: father Amandus Miller (~0.92 confidence) and mother Ellen Miller (~0.92 confidence) and mother Ellen Miller (~0.92 confidence) and mother Mabel Hoffman (~0.92 confidence) and father Charles Hoffman (~0.60 confidence). The pedigree spans 1 generation with 5 identified ancestors.
Show:
Gen 1
Parents
confidence ≈ 0.86
Father
Amandus Miller
b. ~1868
Source father
● Household
· direct · ~0.92
Mother
Ellen Miller
b. ~1873
Source mother
● Household
· direct · ~0.92
Mother
Ellen Miller
b. ~1873
Source mother
● Household
· direct · ~0.92
Mother
Mabel Hoffman
b. ~1902
Source mother
● Household
· direct · ~0.92
Father
Charles Hoffman
b. ~1903
Source father
● Household
· direct · ~0.6
This person
Anchor record
Leonard Miller
Son · 1940 · age 25 · b. ~1915 · Pennsylvania
★ You are viewing this record
Sibling
Allen Hoffman
Sibling · 1940 · age 8
Source co-child of head (derived)
● Co-child · derived · ~0.88
Sibling
Irene Hoffman
Sibling · 1940 · age 11
Source co-child of head (derived)
● Co-child · derived · ~0.88
Confirmed / household (~0.90+)
Probable / derived (~0.65–0.89)
Candidate (<0.65, unverified)
Original Census Page
1940 US Federal Census — Lehigh-County, Pennsylvania
Open full size
1940 US Federal Census — Lehigh-County, Pennsylvania
Page Contents
40 people indexed on this census page (nara:1940:m-t0627-03546-00187)
| Line | Name | Age | Relation | Occupation | Birthplace |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Anna Marie Demmel | 16 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
| 2 | Charlotte Demmel | 14 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
| 3 | Bertram Demmel | 7 | Son | — | Pennsylvania |
| 4 | Herbert D. Baer | 55 | Head | Inspector | Pennsylvania |
| 5 | Mary Dietz | 45 | Sister | Registered Nurse | Pennsylvania |
| 6 | Ethel Lettner | 23 | Boarder | — | Pennsylvania |
| 7 | S. Franklin Werley | 64 | Head | Laborer | Pennsylvania |
| 8 | Laura Werley | 47 | Wife | — | Pennsylvania |
| 9 | A. Franklin Reinhard | 36 | Head | Twister | Pennsylvania |
| 10 | Mona Reinhard | 36 | Wife | — | Pennsylvania |
| 11 | Lee Reinhard | 15 | Son | — | Pennsylvania |
| 12 | Shirley Reinhard | 10 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
| 13 | Charlotte Reinhard | 4 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
| 14 | Leonard Klingler | 41 | Head | Laborer | Pennsylvania |
| 15 | Gertrude Klingler | 39 | Wife | — | Pennsylvania |
| 16 | Leonard Klingler | 14 | Son | — | Pennsylvania |
| 17 | David Klingler | 10 | Son | — | Pennsylvania |
| 18 | Raymond Klingler | 9 | Son | — | Pennsylvania |
| 19 | Frank Klingler | 6 | Son | — | Pennsylvania |
| 20 | John Hoffelfinger | 74 | Head | — | Pennsylvania |
| 21 | Annie Hoffelfinger | 77 | Wife | — | Pennsylvania |
| 22 | Annie Reinhard | 60 | Sister | Operator | Pennsylvania |
| 23 | M. Annie Reinhard | 61 | Wife | — | Pennsylvania |
| 24 | Russell Reinhard | 38 | Son | Laborer | Pennsylvania |
| 25 | Evelyn Reinhard | 20 | Daughter | Typist | Pennsylvania |
| 26 | Charles Hoffman | 37 | Head | Laborer | Pennsylvania |
| 27 | Mabel Hoffman | 38 | Wife | — | Pennsylvania |
| 28 | Leonard Miller THIS PERSON | 25 | Son | Laborer | Pennsylvania |
| 29 | Irene Hoffman | 11 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
| 30 | Allen Hoffman | 8 | Son | — | Pennsylvania |
| 31 | W. James Schaffer | 41 | Head | Storekeeper | Pennsylvania |
| 32 | Mary Schaffer | 40 | Wife | — | Austria |
| 33 | Randolph Schaffer | 18 | Son | Helper In Store | Pennsylvania |
| 34 | James Schaffer | 7 | Son | — | Pennsylvania |
| 35 | Shirley Schaffer | 5 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
| 36 | Martha Schaffer | 1 | Daughter | — | Pennsylvania |
| 37 | Frank Samser | 61 | Head | Packer | Austria |
| 38 | Hedwig Samser | 50 | Wife | — | Austria |
| 39 | John Samser | 28 | Son | Repair Auto Tires | Pennsylvania |
| 40 | Louis Samser | 23 | Son | Loading Trucks | Pennsylvania |
Pedigree Summary
Leonard + 2 siblings
Gen 1 · 5 parents
~0.86
Max depth 4 (1900–1950 window)
About This Record & Model Tree
This record was independently indexed by YourRoots from the 1940 United States Federal Census (NARA). Our Model Tree links this person across census decades using XGBoost-based record linkage, with per-link confidence scores. Household corroboration strengthens the signal when co-residents appear on the same census pages in multiple years.
Source: National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)