Sapphire is a female name of English origin that means "Gemstone." The name is derived from the Latin word "sapphirus," which comes from the Greek word "sappheiros" referring to lapis lazuli. Sapphire is a precious gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum, typically blue in color but also occurring in yellow, purple, orange, and green hues. It is one of the two gem-varieties of corundum, the other being ruby. Sapphires are valued for their remarkable hardness, ranking 9 on the Mohs scale. They are commonly worn in jewelry and have non-ornamental applications such as infrared optical components, high-durability windows, and wristwatch crystals. The name Sapphire is associated with the birthstone for September, and it is also the traditional gift for a 45th wedding anniversary.