"Urban Cowboy" is a 1980 American romantic Western film directed by James Bridges, featuring the love-hate relationship between Buford "Bud" Davis (John Travolta) and Sissy (Debra Winger). The film's success is credited for sparking a mainstream revival of country music, with a significant portion of the narrative unfolding at Gilley's Club, a popular honky-tonk in Pasadena, Texas. Bud moves to Pasadena to work at an oil refinery and aims to save money to buy land near his hometown. He and Sissy marry and settle into a routine of work and socializing at Gilley's until conflicts arise, leading to separation and reconciliation. The film's screenplay was adapted from an article in Esquire, and some critics likened it to a country music version of "Saturday Night Fever." "Urban Cowboy" was a moderate success, grossing almost $47 million in the United States. The film is also notable for being the first to be choreographed by Patsy Swayze, launching her career as a film choreographer.

Urban Frank Meyer III, born on July 10, 1964, is an American sportscaster and former college football coach. He has had a remarkable coaching career, having led various college football teams, including the Bowling Green Falcons, Utah Utes, Florida Gators, and Ohio State Buckeyes. Meyer achieved significant success during his coaching tenure, including coaching the Gators to two BCS National Championship Game victories in 2006 and 2008 and leading the Buckeyes to their first Big Ten Conference title and the program's eighth national championship in 2014. With an impressive winning percentage, Meyer's coaching prowess was widely recognized, leading to his induction into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2025. Meyer briefly retired from coaching in 2019 but made a comeback as the head coach of the Jacksonville Jaguars in the NFL before returning to Fox Sports as a broadcaster. Born in Toledo, Ohio, and raised in Ashtabula, Ohio, Meyer also had a brief stint as a minor league baseball player before pursuing a career in football coaching. With a master's degree in sports administration from Ohio State University, Meyer's coaching expertise and achievements have solidified his place in the annals of football history.

Urban forestry is the practice of caring for and managing individual trees and tree populations in urban settings to enhance the urban environment. It encompasses planning, management, and the execution of tree care and maintenance operations. Urban forestry emphasizes the crucial role of trees in urban infrastructure and the numerous benefits they offer.The environmental and health impacts of urban forestry are significant. Urban forests help mitigate the urban heat island effect, reduce air pollutants, and contribute to carbon sequestration. They also aid in stormwater management, noise control, traffic control, and glare reduction. Moreover, urban forests have been linked to mental health benefits, promoting psychological healing, stress recovery, and improving concentration and productivity.However, urban tree canopy inequity is a pressing issue, characterized by the unequal distribution of urban trees in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods, leading to inaccessibility to the benefits of trees and exacerbating social inequalities. This inequity is often influenced by social factors such as environmental racism and policies like redlining.Urban forestry is practiced by a diverse range of professionals, including arborists, foresters, policymakers, planners, educators, researchers, and community activists. Its importance in creating healthier and more equitable urban environments cannot be overstated.

Urban reforestation is the practice of planting trees in urban environments to bring about a range of benefits. This includes urban beautification, increasing shade, modifying the urban climate, improving air quality, and restoring urban forests after natural disasters. The practice can lead to decreased energy costs, increased local property values, improved water quality, and the creation of habitats for wildlife. Urban reforestation does not require the purchase of a large piece of land, making it an effective strategy for urban areas. Notable programs include the Urban Reforestation organization in Australia, the urban reforestation initiative in Paris, the green project in Istanbul, and large-scale programs in the United States such as the Million Tree Initiative in New York City and TreePeople in Los Angeles. Urban reforestation can also contribute to combating climate change and lowering energy consumption. However, concerns exist, including competition for money and urban land, equity in distribution of trees, and lack of support in some neighborhoods. Overall, urban reforestation is a critical tool in creating sustainable and healthy urban environments.This summary introduces the concept of urban reforestation and its various benefits and programs around the world, as well as the concerns associated with the practice.

Urban horticulture is the study and science of growing plants in urban environments, focusing on the functional use of horticulture to maintain and improve urban areas. With the global trend of urbanization, urban horticulture has gained attention, studying the harvest, aesthetic, architectural, recreational, and psychological purposes and effects of plants in urban environments.Throughout history, horticulture and the integration of nature into human civilization have played a significant role in the establishment of cities. The Neolithic Revolution saw cities built with market gardens and farms as trading centers, while the Industrial Revolution led to a major growth in cities and the dispersion of horticulture to farmers in the hinterlands.Following World War II, the focus shifted to suburbs, leading to a decline in urban horticulture. However, movements such as community gardening and urban agriculture emerged as responses to the challenges faced by cities, including vacant lots, segregated poverty, and disinvestment.In the twenty-first century, there has been a resurgence in the recognition of the need for local community gardens and green spaces. The modern community garden movement aims to clean up neighborhoods, grow and preserve food, restore nature to industrial areas, and create a relationship between people and place through social and physical engagement.This movement has helped sustain relationships between city dwellers and the soil and contributed to a different kind of urban environmentalism. Despite its growth, there is a lack of concrete analysis of current urban gardens and their organizations.